2014 WCHA Playoff Race, Week 21

Summary: there’s no significant change in the standings, a tiebreaker comes into play, some predicted 3-point weekends could turn the season, and the model is boring and goes for splitskies most of the time.  Oh, and UAH can play the spoiler.  That should be reason enough to stay tuned, Charger fans!

Okay, let’s not blow anything up this week, shall we?  There really isn’t any movement in the prediction save the changes resulting from Ferris and Mankato sweeping Northern and Bemidji; the model picked wins-and-ties for the sweepers.  This is admittedly a weakness in the model: it is going to land on 3-point weekends far more often than 4-point weekends. However, I think that this generally evens out, as a 3-point weekend can also be a 2-point weekend — in any regard, I’m bound for the rules that I made for the model.

No predictions for Weeks 21-24 changed, as the KRACH values didn’t change enough.  In fact, the gaps often narrowed, which is largely the result of the new comparisons being made against a league that mostly does the splits.  I don’t think that it’s likely to change too much, either, as things should generally regress to the mean.  What would change things?  Sweeps, for one, as the only sweeps picked by the model here on out involve UAH.  But sweeps also move KRACH, and that changes expected value calculations.  It’s entirely possible that a sweep will move the needle enough to make the model move.  Unfortunately, I don’t have a ready way to calculate KRACH week-over-week going forward or a Monte Carlo-based simulation that would give us answers like, “What’s the percentage chance that Mankato wins out and gets the #1 seed?”  These are things that I want going forward, and right now I’m in close to the right coursework to make that a possibility for next season.

All four possibilities involve Ferris State:

  1. A Ferris sweep of Bemidji, combined with other machinations, might move the model to pick a BG win-and-tie in the final weekend.  The Falcons could use that, as they will be fighting for third with Tech and Northern, which isn’t admittedly a big change (more on that in a sec).
  2. A Ferris sweep of Anchorage, which would push the Seawolves closer to 9th, although they start with a higher KRACH.
  3. Ferris again at Fairbanks.  The Nanooks will have their season on the line, and Ferris might have their foot off of the gas just ever so little.  A Bulldog sweep would very likely end the home squad’s season.
  4. A Ferris sweep of Lake State, which would put the Lakers into 8th and maybe out depending on what Alaska pulls off.

It’s obvious that there are four strata in the table: Ferris and Mankato fighting out for top spot; Tech, BG, and Northern fighting for home ice; Anchorage, Lake, Bemidji, and Fairbanks trying to not be the odd man out; and UAH kicking the can in the parking lot.

Below are the standings going into the 21st weekend of the season:

Team Record Points / Games Left
1 Ferris State 15-3-2 32 / 8
2 Minnesota State 15-7-0 30 / 6
3 Michigan Tech 10-8-4 24 / 6
4t Bowling Green 10-9-3 23 / 6
Alaska-Anchorage 10-9-3 23 / 6
6 Alaska 9-11-2 20 / 6
7 Bemidji State 8-10-4 20 / 6
8 Northern Michigan 9-10-1 19 / 8
9 Lake Superior 9-11-0 18 / 8
10 Alabama-Huntsville 1-18-1 3 / 8

Games Left is still key: with four weeks left, 60% of the league has just six more chances to win points.  It’s not just how many, too: Northern and Lake State have series at UAH where they can probably pick up four points, but fans of both schools probably shudder thinking about it.  UAH has gone winless at home only once (2011-12), and you can be sure the kids in White, Black, and Blue won’t want to repeat that.  In fact, the Nanooks have to be looking at the table and gritting their teeth over getting just one shot at the Chargers, as the three teams below them still have one more crack at them.

Here are the final predicted standings:

Team Record Points
1 Ferris State 19-3-6 44
2 Minnesota State 19-9-0 38
3 Michigan Tech 13-11-4 30
4 Northern Michigan 14-13-1 29
5 Bowling Green 13-12-3 29
6 Alaska-Anchorage 12-12-4 28
7 Bemidji State 11-12-5 27
8 Lake Superior 13-14-1 27
9 Alaska 11-14-3 25
10 Alabama-Huntsville 1-26-1 3

If you want to look at the spreadsheet that powers all of this, it’s available on Google Drive.  Tiebreakers do come into play for 4/5 and 7/8, as Bemidji won the season series (1st tiebreaker) with the Lakers, 3-1, while the Falcons and Wildcats only play twice, leading Northern to get home ice with more league wins (2nd tiebreaker).

For fun and history, you can see where we were last week and when we started this adventure.

Michigan Tech 10, UAH 4

If you’d told me at 2:00 p.m. today that UAH would score two power-play goals and four overall, I’d have felt pretty good about the boys’ chances of winning.  Instead, the Michigan Tech Huskies (12-14-6, 10-8-4 WCHA) potted seven second-period goals, which set the UAH school record for most goals allowed in a period.  In all, the teams combined for a modern D-I record 14 goals, with ten of them going to the Huskies (tying the UAH season high for goals allowed) while the boys in Blue and White (1-28-1, 1-18-1 WCHA) scored just four, also a season high.

Let’s just not discuss the goals allowed.  It’s better that way.

The UAH goals were scored by:

  1. Regan Soquila (Maple Ridge, B.C., 2nd goal), who took a feed from Jack Prince (Leicester, England, 3rd assist) low in the slot that gave him an open net for a hot wrister just :44 after the Huskies’ first marker.  Chad Brears (Cold Lake, Alta., 2nd assist) also picked up an assist.
  2. Prince (4th goal), who picked up a feed from Steven Koshey (Trail, B.C., 6th assist) behind the net, skating just along the top of the crease while waiting for Pheonix Copley (19 sv, 8-8-5) to open up; when he did, the Prince of Huntsville back-handed the puck along the ice and into the Tech net.
  3. Prince again (5th goal) on the power play early in the third, tipping a Brears (3rd assist) shot from the point set up by a feed from Koshey (7th assist).  The boys thought that Chad had scored this one, but it was credited to Jack on the video review.
  4. Brears (5th goal) scored a power-play goal on a rebound of a Prince (4th assist) shot.  Alex Allan (Calgary, Alta., 2nd assist) picked up the other assist.

But otherwise, it was a nightmare.  Matt Larose (Nanaimo, B.C., 0-14-1) picked up 35 saves on 42 shots on before leaving the ice in favor of Carmine Guerriero (Montréal, Québec, 12 sv on 15 shots).  Larose was visibly upset as he left the ice, and that’s understandable.

This one was ugly.

Michigan Tech 4, UAH 1

Blake Pietila and Tanner Kero each scored two goals to lead the host Michigan Tech Huskies (11-14-6 overall, 9-8-4 WCHA) over UAH (1-27-1 overall, 1-17-1 WCHA) by a 4-1 score at the John MacInnes Student Ice Arena in Houghton, Mich.

The Chargers’ lone goal came at 9:28 of the third period just as a Husky penalty expired.  A shot into the pads of MTU netminder Pheonix Copley (20 sv, 7-8-5) settled at the feet of senior winger Alex Allan (Calgary, Alb.), who skated right-to-left across the goal mouth to beat Copley to the left-wing post to net his team-leading fifth goal of the season.  Jack Prince (Leicester, England) and Doug Reid (Innisfil, Ont.) picked up the assists, their third and fifth, respectively.

Carmine Guerriero (Montréal, QC, 38 sv, 1-14-0) got the start in net for the Chargers, leaving for an apparent groin injury with 11:05 left in regulation.  Matt Larose (Nainaimo, B.C., 9 sv) came in to relieve his fellow freshman, allowing Pietila’s second marker.

In all, the Chargers killed four of their five power plays, including a checking-from-behind major on Chad Brears just 0:40 into the second period.

The Chargers face the Huskies at 4:07 p.m. Huntsville time on Saturday afternoon.

Catching the Game: at Michigan Tech, Feb. 7-8

The Chargers play Michigan Tech for the first time in a two-game WCHA series. It’s the Winter Carnival up in Houghton, Michigan, with the puck dropping at 6:07 p.m. on Friday and 4:07 p.m. on Saturday.

Here’s how you can follow the action.

TEAM COMPARISON
UAH Chargers 2013-14 Stats Michigan Tech Huskies
WCHA rank in parentheses
1-26-1 Overall record 10-14-6
1-10-1 (10th) Conference record 8-8-4 (T-5th)
0.96 (10th) Goals per game 2.20 (9th)
4.46 (10th) Goals allowed per game 2.40 (2nd)
12.9 (7th) Penalty minutes per game 14.8 (4th)
6.5% (10th) Power play 11.8% (9th)
69.0% (10th) Penalty kill 85.5% (3rd)
Matt Salhany (4-7-11)
Frank Misuraca (2-5-7)
Steve Koshey (1-5-6)
Chad Brears (4-1-5)
Brent Fletcher (2-3-5)
Brandon Clowes (1-4-5)
Leading scorers Alex Petan (11-11-22)
Blake Pietila (4-14-18)
Tanner Kero (9-8-17)
Shane Hanne (2-12-14)
Mike Neville (2-11-13)
Carmine Guerriero
(14 GS, 3.86 GAA, .900 SV%)
Matt Larose
(14 GS, 5.00 GAA, .877 SV%)
Goaltending Pheonix Copley
(19 GS, 2.20 GAA, .919 SV%)
Jamie Phillips
(10 GS, 2.62 GAA, .901 SV%)

 

The first meeting between these two programs could be a low-scoring affair. The Chargers and Huskies rank at the bottom of the WCHA in offense in general and the power play in particular.

Michigan Tech’s calling card has been its defense, which is second in the league and anchored by sophomore goaltender Pheonix Copley. Copley is second in the WCHA in goals against average and third in save percentage.

While not part of the Huskies’ leading scorers, the hottest forwards for MTU are the Johnstone brothers, David and Jacob. Each tallied three goals in the Huskies’ sweep of Bowling Green in Ohio last week.

The Chargers are trying to play spoiler as Michigan Tech is in a battle for positioning and a potential first-round playoff series in Houghton.

Next week, UAH heads to Minnesota State to finish up a three-week road swing. The Chargers host Lake Superior State on Feb. 21-22.

Hoof Beats: Zirnis joins Latvian staff in Sochi

Karlis Zirnis (Photo by UAH Sports Information)

Karlis Zirnis takes a shot during a game in 2001.
(Photo by UAH Sports Information)

Karlis Zirnis, a Charger winger from 1999-2003, will be an assistant coach for Latvia at the Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia.

“Igor” scored 119 career points at UAH, which trails only Jared Ross for most in the Chargers’ modern Division I era and is 15th all-time. His 46 goals is third in UAH’s modern Division I era, and his 73 assists is second. Zirnis led the Chargers in scoring in 2000-01 (37 points) and 2001-02 (31).

“I’m nervous and I’m excited,” Zirnis told The Tennesseean. “I’m definitely more excited than nervous. It’s going to be a great event and a great opportunity.”

While in Sochi, Zirnis will be coaching a current player in the WCHA: Bowling Green defenseman Ralfs Freibergs. Both Zirnis and Freibergs are natives of Riga, Latvia.

“Everyone goes there to compete for a medal, and that is our ultimate goal and one I believe is attainable,” Zirnis said.

Zirnis currently teaches youth hockey in Franklin, Tennessee, and lives in Fairview.

Another Thunder commitment: Connor Wood, a forward on the Thunder AAA Under-18 roster, committed to UAH on Saturday. He is expected to join the Chargers for the 2015-16 season.

Wood, a native of Buford, Georgia, has 14 goals and 23 assists for 37 points in 44 games played this season with the Thunder, whose general manager is UAH alum Nathan Bowen (’00). He’ll tender next season in the North American Hockey League’s Amarillo Bulls, who are coached by former UAH assistant coach Dennis Williams.

Wood is the second player from the Thunder who has committed to the Chargers. Defenseman and Huntsville native Ted Rotenberger committed last summer to UAH, also for the 2015-16 season.

Check out our commitments page for more information on incoming recruits.

Around the WCHA: With Ferris State idle, Minnesota State had a chance to catch up to the first-place Bulldogs by taking two in Northern Michigan. Friday night did not go according to plan for the Mavericks, who allowed four third-period goals in  5-2 loss. MSU rebounded nicely on Saturday, drilling the Wildcats 5-1, and now trail Ferris State by only two points.

Bowling Green also had a chance to climb closer to Ferris, but was stunned at home by a Michigan Tech team that was 3-10-2 on the road coming in. The Huskies, who host UAH this week, won 5-2 on Friday and got a Blake Pietila goal in overtime to win 5-4 on Saturday. The Falcons stay in third place, five points out of first.

Alaska moved into a tie for fifth after sweeping UAH. The Nanooks needed it, as the rest of the schedule does not favor Alaska making the WCHA playoffs.

Ferris State moved up to No. 5 in this week’s USCHO.com poll. Only Minnesota State received votes. The Bulldogs host Northern Michigan this weekend, while the Mavericks entertain Bemidji State. Alaska-Anchorage, currently in fourth, hosts Lake Superior.

WCHA Standings Conference Overall
GP W L T Pts W L T
Ferris State 18 13 3 2 28 18 6 3
Minnesota State 20 13 7 0 26 15 13 0
Bowling Green 22 10 9 3 23 13 12 5
Alaska-Anchorage 20 9 8 3 21 13 10 3
Alaska 22 9 11 2 20 12 12 4
Bemidji State 20 8 8 4 20 8 13 7
Michigan Tech 20 8 8 4 20 10 14 6
Northern Michigan 18 9 8 1 19 11 13 2
Lake Superior State 18 8 10 0 16 12 13 1
Alabama-Huntsville 18 1 16 1 3 1 26 1


THIS WEEK IN THE WCHA

All times Central.
* WCHA game.

Friday, February 7
* UAH at Michigan Tech, 6:07 p.m.
* Northern Michigan at Ferris State, 6:07 p.m.
* Alaska-Anchorage at Lake Superior State, 6:37 p.m.
* Bemidji State at Minnesota State, 7:37 p.m.

Saturday, February 1
* UAH at Michigan Tech, 4:07 p.m.
* Northern Michigan at Ferris State, 6:07 p.m.
* Alaska-Anchorage at Lake Superior State, 6:07 p.m.
* Bemidji State at Minnesota State, 7:07 p.m.

Get to know Michigan Tech

mtu_logo_150The Chargers travel to Houghton, Michigan, this weekend to play Michigan Tech for the first time ever.* The new WCHA has finally brought these programs together on the ice.

But Michigan Tech is a more than a new conference mate. Like UAH, it is a school that prides itself on its engineering programs.

Michigan Technological University was founded in 1885 as Michigan Mining School, which specialized in training mining engineers. The university adopted its current name in 1964 after expanding its engineering curriculum to include chemical, electrical, civil, mechanical, and geological engineering, as well as many other science-related fields. Today, MTU has one of the top engineering graduate schools in the country.** Michigan Tech also has a similar enrollment to UAH at over 7,000 students with over 5,000 undergrads.

So we know MTU can bring it with academics. But what about their hockey prowess? While the Huskies have seen better days, they have a rich tradition that’s coming up to 100 years.

The MacNaughton Cup, which goes to the WCHA regular-season champion, is owned by Michigan Tech.

The MacNaughton Cup, which goes to the WCHA regular-season champion, is owned by Michigan Tech.

Hockey history

Like UAH, Michigan Tech is primarily a Division II school that plays Division I hockey. The Huskies have played hockey since 1919, and the program has seen both the highest highs and lowest lows.

Michigan Tech has three Division I national championships (1962, 1965, and 1975), and has been to the Frozen Four 10 times. The last time, however, was in 1981, which is also the last time the Huskies made the NCAA Tournament. One of the founding members of the WCHA, Michigan Tech has seven regular-season titles and nine tournament titles.

Michigan Tech is the trustee of the MacNaughton Cup, which goes to the winner of the WCHA regular season. Whichever league MTU is in, the MacNaughton Cup follows, as was the case when the program switched to the CCHA in 1981 and returned to the WCHA in 1984.

MTU’s recent history has not been so kind, as its last winning season was in 1992-93. The lowest point came in the 1999-2000 season, when the Huskies went 4-34 and set an NCAA record for losses in a season.***

For news about the Huskies, visit our counterparts at Tech Hockey Guide.

Winter Carnival

Phi Kappa Tau's winning snow statue in 2010: "A Classic Mario Plight Portrayed in Snowy White."

Phi Kappa Tau’s winning snow statue in 2010: “A Classic Mario Plight Portrayed in Snowy White.” (Photo by Michigan Technological University)

As timing would have it, the Chargers’ first trip to Houghton just happens to be during one of Michigan Tech’s biggest traditions — the Winter Carnival. The yearly event started in 1922 and features many student activities, including snow statue, broomball, curling, and other snow-related competitions. Some of the snow and ice statues can be pretty impressive.

The Huskies always have a WCHA series during the Winter Carnival. While some may lament that UAH is this year’s Carnival opponent instead of a, say, more glamorous team, it’s just the way the schedule rotation landed.

So there’s your primer on Michigan Tech. Will a rivalry form between these two engineering-rich, hockey schools? We’ll start finding out Friday night.

* Michigan Tech is one of four current Division I programs (out of 58) UAH has not yet played. The others are Boston University, Dartmouth, and Union College.

** UAH and Michigan Tech are tied for 89th for best engineering graduate schools according to U.S. News & World Report rankings in 2013.

*** Not avoiding the elephant in the room, UAH is on pace to break Tech’s record this season, in case the Huskies needed any extra incentive to win this weekend.

2014 WCHA Playoff Race Update (Revised 2014-02-04)

Update: I goofed!  I had Tech getting swept, and probably another error as well.  The GDocs has the week-by-week, but it radically changed the below.  Thanks to oldish husky on USCHO for finding the problem.  I regret the error.

It’s (past) time to revisit our methodology for predicting the 2014 WCHA Playoff Race.  Games haven’t gone as expected, as Ferris State has taken its lumps, UAH took a point off of Anchorage, and Michigan Tech swept BG this weekend.  Will Mankato be able to keep pace?  Who will miss out on the playoffs?  Below are the standings going into the 20th weekend of the season:

Team Record Points / Games Left
1 Ferris State 13-3-2 28 / 10
2 Minnesota State 13-7-0 26 / 8
3 Bowling Green 10-9-3 23 / 6
4 Alaska-Anchorage 9-8-3 21 / 8
5 Alaska 9-11-12 20 / 6
6t Michigan Tech 8-8-4 20 / 8
Bemidji State 8-8-4 20 / 8
8 Northern Michigan 9-8-1 19 / 10
9 Lake Superior 8-10-0 16 / 10
10 Alabama-Huntsville 1-16-1 3 / 10

That Games Left bit is the key: with five weeks left, teams — like UAH — will be able to play ten more games, but as you can see, Bowling Green and Alaska have just six more chances to win points.  As we’ll see, this isn’t a big problem for Bowling Green, as the top three schools have separated from the rest of the pack, where 4-7 is going to be the dog’s breakfast broken by the Byzantine tiebreakers that the league has in place.  We’ll look into that as things get closer to fruition (i.e., Week 24).  Here are the final predicted standings

Team Record Points
1 Ferris State 18-3-7 43
2 Minnesota State 18-9-1 37
3 Northern Michigan 14-12-2 30
4 Michigan Tech 13-11-4 30
5 Bowling Green 13-12-3 29
6 Alaska-Anchorage 12-12-4 28
7 Bemidji State 11-11-6 28
8 Lake Superior 13-14-1 27
9 Alaska 11-14-3 25
10 Alabama-Huntsville 1-26-1 3

As you can see, the Nanooks suffer from two problems: 1) few games left to play, with all the teams around them having eight or ten left and 2) their remaining series being Tech on the road, Ferris at home, and Anchorage at home for the Governor’s Cup.  Compare that to all four teams below them playing UAH, and the fall is understandable.

If you want to look at the spreadsheet that powers all of this, it’s available on Google Drive.  One fun thing to note is that only three league teams are predicted to finish with losing records.  As UAH improves, this will prove to be an anomaly.

Alaska 6, UAH 1

Cody Kunyk and Jared Larson each scored two goals to lead Alaska (12-12-4, 9-11-2 WCHA) over UAH (1-26-1, 1-16-1 WCHA), 6-1.  Carmine Guerriero (43 sv) took the loss to fall to 1-13-0 on the season.  This weekend was disappointing for the Chargers and a step back in the season’s progression.

The Chargers’ goal came when freshman forward Stephen McKenna (South Boston, Mass.) looped into the slot from the tight-wing side and took a shot on net that bounced around a couple of times off of bodies and equipment before floating in front of freshman forward Brent Fletcher (New Westminster, British Columbia), who slashed the puck through the air and past Sean Cahill (13 sv).

The Chargers will miss Super Bowl XLVIII as they travel back from Alaska.  They will travel to Michigan Tech next weekend to serve as the guest for Winter Carnival.  Alaska will travel to Houghton the following weekend.

Alaska 6, UAH 1

The Alaska Nanooks (11-12-4, 8-11-2 WCHA) stormed out to an early lead and rode three third-period goals to win going away hosting our beloved UAH Chargers (1-25-1, 1-15-1 WCHA) in Fairbanks.  Six different Nanooks scored goals on the evening.

The story of this game is one that we’ve told you once or twice before: UAH quickly goes down by two, rallies, hangs in there, and fades at the end.  It is Friday, after all.  Here’s the story:

  1. The Nanooks went out to a quick 2-0 lead in the first 7:10 off of goals from Jared Larson and Marcus Basara.
  2. The boys put the clamps down at that point, and while Matt Larose (38 sv) was getting it done in the Chargers’ end, the boys started to leak out offensively.  And then BEHOLD! A MisuROCKET appeared, beating Sean Cahill (12 sv) over the shoulder with 1:04 left in the first.  Assists on the goal went to Matt Salhany and Joakim Broberg.
  3. The buzz you might have expected coming into the second didn’t appear to be long-lived, as neither team had much life for most of the second period.
  4. A tired Chargers squad took an icing penalty late in the second, and the Nanooks capitalized when Jared Linell banged a puck home just outside the crease.
  5. The Nanooks pulled away in the third on goals from Garrick Perry (9:15), Colton Parayko (10:45, PPG), and Colton Beck (13:42).

Larose falls to 0-13-1 on the season.  The two teams face off to conclude the season series at 10:07 p.m. Huntsville time on Saturday.   This week’s Catching the Game has all the information you need to stay in tune with the Chargers on these late nights.

Catching the Game: at Alaska, Jan. 31-Feb. 1

UAH is in the 49th state for the second time this season. The Chargers are in Fairbanks for a two-game set for the first time since 1992, and for the first time as WCHA members.

It also means another edition of “Late Night with the Chargers.” Both games Friday and Saturday start at 10:07 p.m. Central time, and here’s how you can follow the action:

TEAM COMPARISON
UAH Chargers 2013-14 Stats Alaska Nanooks
WCHA rank in parentheses
1-24-1 Overall record 10-12-4
1-14-1 (10th) Conference record 7-11-2 (T-7th)
0.96 (10th) Goals per game 2.88 (4th)
4.35 (10th) Goals allowed per game 3.00 (8th)
13.3 (7th) Penalty minutes per game 15.3 (3rd)
6.8% (10th) Power play 15.8% (8th)
69.9% (10th) Penalty kill 83.5% (5th)
Matt Salhany (4-6-10)
Frank Misuraca (1-5-6)
Steve Koshey (1-5-6)
Chad Brears (4-1-5)
Brandon Clowes (1-4-5)
Leading scorers Cody Kunyk (13-13-26)
Tyler Morley (12-11-23)
Colton Beck (7-14-21)
Marcus Basara (10-7-17)
Colton Parayko (3-13-16)
Carmine Guerriero
(13 GS, 3.70 GAA, .902 SV%)
Matt Larose
(13 GS, 4.91 GAA, .878 SV%)
Goaltending Davis Jones
(10 GS, 3.06 GAA, .900 SV%)
John Keeney
(10 GS, 2.95 GAA, .873 SV%)
Sean Cahill
(6 GS, 2.65 GAA, .895 SV%)

 

After being off last week, the Chargers begin the first of three straight weekends on the road. Next week, UAH heads to Houghton for the first time to play Michigan Tech. The next home series is Feb. 21-22 against Lake Superior State.

Last week, Alaska split a pair with Bemidji State at home in the Carlson Center. The Nanooks shut out the Beavers 3-0 before being shut out themselves 4-0. Sean Cahill was in net for both games.

The Nanooks find themselves in a dogfight as we head toward the home stretch of the WCHA season. Alaska is tied with Lake Superior State and Michigan Tech for seventh place with 16 points. The top eight teams make the WCHA playoffs.

Cody Kunyk leads the Nanooks in scoring with 26 points on the season, which is third in the WCHA. His 13 goals is tied for 2nd. Kunyk has 115 points in his UAF career, which is 19th on their all-time career scoring list.

Tyler Morley is tied for fifth in the WCHA with 12 goals and tied for ninth in the league with 23 points.